{"refrec":{"BRefID":65020,"RR":"<b>van Heerden, D.; Vosloo, A.; Nikinmaa, M.</b> (2004). Effects of short-term copper exposure on gill structure, metallothionein and hypoxia-inducible factor-1a (HIF-1a) levels in rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>). <i>Aquat. Toxicol. 69(3)</i>: 271-280. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.06.002\" target=\"_blank\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.06.002</a>","BEntID":61493,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Aquat. Toxicol. 69(3)</i>: 271-280. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.06.002\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.06.002</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"van Heerden, D.; Vosloo, A.; Nikinmaa, M.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"van Heerden, D. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) were exposed to 1.65 M of waterborne copper for 24 h. Fish were then transferred to metal-free water. Metallothionein mRNA induction in rainbow trout liver and gill tissue, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1a) accumulation in gill tissue and arithmetic mean thickness of gill epithelium (H<sub>ar</sub>) were determined at 4 and 24 h of exposure as well as 48 h after transfer to metal-free water. The arithmetic mean distance from water to blood was significantly elevated after both 4 and 24 h of exposure (H<sub>ar</sub> was 4.67 and 4.66 µm, respectively in exposed fish, compared to 3.81 and 3.62  µm for the corresponding control fish). During the 48 h recovery Har returned towards the control values; the recovery value of 4.21 m was significantly lower than values during exposures. There was also a significant increase in gill metallothionein mRNA levels after the 4 h exposure with MT/GAPDH ratio of 1.288 versus the control value of 0.988. In liver, metallothionein induction was not observed. HIF-1 protein showed an increased accumulation in gills after 4 h, with the HIF-1a/a-tubulin ratio of 0.562 being significantly higher than the 24 h exposure value of 0.232. These results suggest that exposure to copper for four hours causes hypoxia in the gill epithelium, which is adequate for the activation of HIF-1a.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Effects of short-term copper exposure on gill structure, metallothionein and hypoxia-inducible factor-1a (HIF-1a) levels in rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>)","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"copper; rainbow trout; Oncorhynchus mykiss; metallothionein;hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF); gill damage; diffusion distance","OtherDescriptors":"Copper; Rainbow trout; <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>; Metallothionein; Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF); Gill damage; Diffusion distance","Notes":null,"AnaPub":2004,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2018-05-17","DateCreate":"2004-08-16","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000223285400006","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.06.002"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":65020,"PubliDate":2004,"Pagination":"271-280","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"69","Issue":"3","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":42203,"SerRR":"Aquatic Toxicology. Elsevier Science: Tokyo; New York; London; Amsterdam.  ISSN 0166-445X; e-ISSN 1879-1514","StandardTitleSer":"Aquatic Toxicology","ISSN":"0166-445X","AbbrevSer":"Aquat. 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