{"refrec":{"BRefID":68723,"RR":"<b>Soltani, M.; Marmari, Gh.; Mehrabi, M.R.</b> (2004). Acute toxicity and anesthetic effects of clove oil in <i>Penaeus semisulcatus</i> under various water quality conditions. <i>Aquacult. Int. 12(4-5)</i>: 457-466. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:aqui.0000042137.26705.7b\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:aqui.0000042137.26705.7b</a>","BEntID":64903,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Aquacult. Int. 12(4-5)</i>: 457-466. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:aqui.0000042137.26705.7b\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:aqui.0000042137.26705.7b</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Soltani, M.; Marmari, Gh.; Mehrabi, M.R.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Soltani, M.; Marmari, Gh.; Mehrabi, M.R.","Englishabstract":"Acute toxicity and anesthetic effects of clove oil were studied in <i>P. semisulcatus</i> (1.8-2.1 g body weight). The EC<sub>50</sub> 1-h (the concentration effective for 50% of test animals), LC<sub>50</sub> 1-h (the concentration lethal to 50% of test animals after 1 h) and LC<sub>50</sub> 24-h (the concentration lethal to 50% of test animals after 24 h) were calculated at concentrations of 25, 130 and 30 mg/l, respectively, at 30°C, salinity 40 ppt, pH 8.6 and dissolved oxygen >6 mg/l. Generally, with increasing concentrations of clove oil, the times required for sedation and anesthesia decreased, while the recovery times increased. At concentrations 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/l under temperature of 30°C and salinity of 40 ppt, the times required for sedation were 6 ± 0.2, 2.5 ± 0.3, 2 ± 0.08 and 0.5 ± 0.08 min, while times required for complete recovery were calculated to be 4.5 ± 0.3, 5.5 ± 0.17, 6.5 ± 0.25 and 11 ± 0.38 min, respectively. Also, the times required for deep anesthesia were 20 ± 1, 5 ± 0.5, 3 ± 0.4 and 2.2 ± 0.5 min in the above concentrations, while the times required for complete recovery were 10 ± 1, 11 ± 1.5, 14 ± 2.2 and 16 ± 3 min, respectively. Furthermore, considering the times to sedation, deep anesthesia and recovery at different temperatures of 20°C, 25°C, 30°C and 35°C and salinities of 25, 30, 35, 40 and 48 ppt; the combinations of salinity plus temperature and clove oil concentration plus salinity had the greatest and the least effects.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Acute toxicity and anesthetic effects of clove oil in <i>Penaeus semisulcatus</i> under various water quality conditions","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-06-02 01:31:08.220994","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"acute toxicity; Anesthesia; clove oil; Penaeus semisulcatus; salinity;sedation; temperature","OtherDescriptors":"Acute toxicity, Anesthesia, Clove oil, Penaeus semisulcatus, Salinity, Sedation, Temperature","Notes":null,"AnaPub":2004,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2020-10-05","DateCreate":"2004-12-09","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000223978700010","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1023/b:aqui.0000042137.26705.7b"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":68723,"PubliDate":2004,"Pagination":"457-466","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"12","Issue":"4-5","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":44242,"SerRR":"Aquaculture International. 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