{"refrec":{"BRefID":72924,"RR":"<b>Roose, P.; Brinkman, U.A.Th.</b> (2005). Determination of volatile organic compounds in marine biota, <b><i>in</i></b>: Roose, P. <i>Volatile organic compounds and related microcontaminants in the Scheldt estuary and the southern North Sea: method development and monitoring.</i> pp. 85-108","BEntID":306843,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":0,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":", <b><i>in</i></b>: Roose, P. <i>Volatile organic compounds and related microcontaminants in the Scheldt estuary and the southern North Sea: method development and monitoring.</i> pp. 85-108","DocTypID":17,"DocType":"Book chapters","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Roose, P.; Brinkman, U.A.Th.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Roose, P.; Brinkman, U.A.Th.","Englishabstract":"A method was developed that allows the simultaneous determination of the volatile organochlorines (VOCs) chloroform, tetrachloromethane, 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethene and tetrachloroethene and the volatile aromatics benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and the xylenes (BTEX) in marine biota. The biological tissue is first homogenised (at 0°C) using an ultra-turrax blender and transferred to a 25-ml EPA vial. After addition of 15 ml of water and internal standard (1,1,1-trifluorotoluene), the homogenate is treated in an ultrasonic bath (20 min at 0°C) to further disrupt the tissue. The glass vessel is then connected to a Tekmar LSC 2000 purge-and-trap apparatus coupled to a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system. The volatiles are forced out of the tissue by purging with a stream of helium gas while heating at 70°C and trapped onto a Vocarb 4000 sorbent trap. After purging, the trap is backflushed while being rapidly heated to 250°C and the analytes are desorbed and, next, trapped in a cryofocusing module (-120°C) connected to the analytical column (Restek, RTx-502.2, 60 m×0.32 mm I.D., 1.8  µm film). The analytes are injected into the column by rapidly heating the module (from -120°C to 200°C in 0.75 min). Identification and quantification were performed with mass spectrometry operated in the electron impact mode. The method allows detection limits between 0.005 ng/g (1,2-dichoroethane, 1,1-dichloroethane and tetrachloromethane) and 0.2 ng/g (chloroform) depending on the background levels and the amount of sample. The reproducibility varies between 8.4% for toluene and 36% for chloroform and the recoveries range from 63% for trichloroethene to 115% for dichloroethane. The method was used to determine the concentrations of VOCs in <i>Limanda limanda</i> (dab) and <i>Merlangius merlangus</i> (whiting) collected at two sampling stations located on the Belgian continental shelf. Liver and muscle tissue were individually analysed in order to determine the inter-species and inter-specimen variability. The results show a considerable variability within tissues of the same species (R.S.D., 50-200%). In most cases, the concentrations of the VOCs appeared to be normally distributed. Although the levels are generally low (low ng/g range), up to 572 ng/g of tetrachloromethane was detected in the liver of whiting.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AM","StandardTitle":"Determination of volatile organic compounds in marine biota","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2005,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2019-08-27","DateCreate":"2005-05-23","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":0,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":72924,"PubliDate":2005,"Pagination":"85-108","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":null,"Issue":null,"BRefMon":72914,"BRefMonRR":"<b>Roose, P.</b> (2005). Volatile organic compounds and related microcontaminants in the Scheldt estuary and the southern North Sea: method development and monitoring. PhD Thesis. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam: Amsterdam. 254 pp.","BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":null,"SerRR":null,"StandardTitleSer":null,"ISSN":null,"AbbrevSer":null,"StandardTitleMon":"Volatile organic compounds and related microcontaminants in the Scheldt estuary and the southern North Sea: method development and monitoring","StartPage":85,"Pages":24,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"M","SerNotes":null,"AutString":"Roose, P."},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":[{"XBRefID":23077,"RefStrFull":"<b>Roose, P.; Brinkman, U.A.Th.</b> (1998). Determination of volatile organic compounds in marine biota. <i>J. Chromatogr. 799(1-2)</i>: 233-248. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(97)01081-9\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(97)01081-9</a>","RelID":4,"RelationY":"Related to","StandardTitle":"Determination of volatile organic compounds in marine biota"}],"addrec":{"Line1":"Ankerstraat 1","Email":null,"Line2":null,"EnvName":"Belgium"},"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"Roose","Firstname":"Patrick","Initials":"P.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":306843,"AutID":5261,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":"0000-0002-2473-3618","PersID":701,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Brinkman","Firstname":"Udo","Initials":"U.A.Th.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":306843,"AutID":25773,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":10492,"InsID":null}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":null,"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":null,"MONpubls":[{"PublName":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","Place":"Amsterdam"}],"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Benzene","ThestID":880,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Chemical compounds > Organic compounds > Hydrocarbons > Unsaturated hydrocarbons > Aromatic hydrocarbons > Benzene"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Xylene","ThestID":9403,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Chemical compounds > Organic compounds > Hydrocarbons > Unsaturated hydrocarbons > Aromatic hydrocarbons > Xylene"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Toluene","ThestID":114739,"Acronym":"CAB","ThesTermPath":"Chemistry > Chemicals > Organic compounds > Aromatic compounds > Hydrocarbons > Aromatic hydrocarbons > Solvents > Toluene"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Organochlorine compounds","ThestID":125485,"Acronym":"CAB","ThesTermPath":"Disciplines > Chemistry > Chemicals > Organic compounds > Organic halogen compounds > Organochlorine compounds"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Fish","ThestID":3141,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Fauna > Aquatic organisms > Aquatic animals > Fish"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Toluene","ThestID":99440,"Acronym":"TRT","ThesTermPath":"Methylbenzene > Phenylmethane > Toluene"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Organochlorine compounds","ThestID":70980,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTermPath":"Organochlorine compounds"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Toluene","ThestID":69419,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTermPath":"Toluene"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Volatile organic compounds","ThestID":52255,"Acronym":"CSA","ThesTermPath":"Volatile organic compounds"}],"thestermsASFA":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Benzene"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Fish"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Organochlorine compounds"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Organochlorine compounds"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Toluene"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Toluene"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Toluene"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Volatile organic compounds"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Xylene"}],"taxtermsASFA":null,"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":[{"Collection":"OMA - 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