{"refrec":{"BRefID":7409,"RR":"<b>Pagliara, P.; Bouillon, J.; Boero, F.</b> (2000). Photosynthetic planulae and planktonic hydroids: contrasting strategies of propagule survival. <i>Sci. Mar. (Barc.) 64(Suppl. 1)</i>: 173-178. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2000.64s1173\" target=\"_blank\">dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2000.64s1173</a>","BEntID":7409,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Sci. Mar. (Barc.) 64(Suppl. 1)</i>: 173-178. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2000.64s1173\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2000.64s1173</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Pagliara, P.; Bouillon, J.; Boero, F.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Pagliara, P. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Settlement delays can be important to prevent propagule waste when proper settling substrates are not immediately available. Under laboratory conditions, the planulae of <i>Clytia viridicans</i> underwent two alternative developmental patterns. Some settled on the bottom, forming a hydranth-gonotheca complex that produced up to four medusae and later either degenerated or gave rise to a hydroid colony. Other planulae settled right below the air-water interface, forming floating colonies that eventually fell to the bottom and settled. <i>Halecium nanum</i> released planulae with a rich population of symbiotic zooxanthellae that survived into a rearing jar for three months. After a long period of apparent quiescence (possibly fuelled by photosynthetic activities of zooxanthellae) the planulae produced new colonies. 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