{"refrec":{"BRefID":74950,"RR":"<b>Shiganova, T.</b> (2005). Changes in appendicularian <i>Oikopleura dioica</i> abundance caused by invasion of alien ctenophores in the Black Sea. <i>J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 85(3)</i>: 477-494. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0025315405011410\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0025315405011410</a>","BEntID":70625,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 85(3)</i>: 477-494. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0025315405011410\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0025315405011410</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Shiganova, T.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Shiganova, T.","Englishabstract":"<em>Oikopleuradioica</em> is the only recorded appendicularian in the Black Sea. During the last two decades major changes in the <em>O.dioica</em> population size as well as total zooplankton community structures were recorded when invasive ctenophore species appeared in the Black Sea ecosystem. The state of the <em>O.dioica</em> population, before the invasion of ctenophores <em>Mnemiopsisleidyi</em> and <em>Beroeovata</em>, is reviewed. The effect of the invasion of these ctenophores on the total zooplankton and particularly on the <em>O.dioica</em> standing stock is summarized from our long-term data and published information. The abundance, biomass and species composition of zooplankton greatly decreased after the ctenophore <em>Mnemiopsisleidyi</em> invasion due to predation by <em>M.leidyi</em>. Specifically, the abundance of <em>O.dioica</em> declined at that period. But with increasing numbers of a new invader, the ctenophore <em>Beroeovata</em>, a predator of <em>M.leidyi</em>, in 1999, the zooplankton community began to recover. 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