{"refrec":{"BRefID":74991,"RR":"<b>Guidetti, P.; Mori, M.</b> (2005). Morpho-functional defences of Mediterranean sea urchins, <i>Paracentrotus lividus</i> and <i>Arbacia lixula</i>, against fish predators. <i>Mar. Biol. (Berl.) 147</i>: 797-802. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-005-1611-z\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-005-1611-z</a>","BEntID":70667,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Mar. Biol. (Berl.) 147</i>: 797-802. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-005-1611-z\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-005-1611-z</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Guidetti, P.; Mori, M.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Guidetti, P.; Mori, M.","Englishabstract":"Morpho-functional features potentially involved in defence mechanisms against fish predators (i.e. attachment tenacity, spine length, and test robustness and thickness) have been assessed in two Mediterranean sea urchins, <i>Paracentrotus lividus</i> and <i>Arbacia lixula</i>. All four morpho-functional features were significantly and positively related to individual size for both species of sea urchins. Test robustness (i.e. static load needed to break sea urchin tests) was significantly greater for <i>A. lixula</i> (from 3,450 to 15,000 g depending on size) than for <i>P. lividus</i> (1,180-11,180 g). Attachment tenacity (i.e. force needed to dislodge sea urchins from the rocky substrate) was greater in <i>A. lixula</i> (280-3,300 g) than in<i>P. lividus</i> (110-1,450 g), and the difference tended to decrease in relation to smaller sea urchin size. Spine length was greater in <i>A. lixula</i> (1.5-2.9 cm) than in <i>P. lividus</i> (0.5-2.3 cm), but the difference decreased for larger sea urchin size. Test thickness was slightly greater (but not significantly) in <i>A. lixula</i> (0.35-1.10 mm) than in <i>P. lividus</i> (0.12-0.90 mm). These results provide evidencethat morpho-functional features of sea urchins could be involved in affecting predation rates by fishes upon <i>P. lividus</i> and <i>A. lixula</i>, with potential implications for the population structure and distribution patterns of the two sea urchins in shallow rocky reefs.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Morpho-functional defences of Mediterranean sea urchins, <i>Paracentrotus lividus</i> and <i>Arbacia lixula</i>, against fish predators","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-20 01:31:41.057075","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2005,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2005-07-29","DateCreate":"2005-07-29","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000230299700023","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1007/s00227-005-1611-z"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":74991,"PubliDate":2005,"Pagination":"797-802","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"147","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43352,"SerRR":"Marine Biology: International Journal on Life in Oceans and Coastal Waters. Springer: Heidelberg; Berlin.  ISSN 0025-3162; e-ISSN 1432-1793","StandardTitleSer":"Marine Biology: International Journal on Life in Oceans and Coastal Waters","ISSN":"0025-3162","AbbrevSer":"Mar. Biol. 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