{"refrec":{"BRefID":75367,"RR":"<b>Cosyns, E.; Hoffmann, M.</b> (2005). Horse dung germinable seed content in relation to plant species abundance, diet composition and seed characteristics. <i>Basic appl. ecol. (Print) 6(1)</i>: 11-24. <a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2004.09.012\" target=\"_blank\">dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2004.09.012</a>","BEntID":71047,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":1,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Basic appl. ecol. (Print) 6(1)</i>: 11-24. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2004.09.012\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2004.09.012</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":0,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Cosyns, E.; Hoffmann, M.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Cosyns, E.; Hoffmann, M.","Englishabstract":"The abundance and species richness of the germinable seed content of dung of free ranging horses was quantified and related to seven variables: plant species abundance in the field (cover) and in the horse diet, seed sizes (length, width and mass), seed longevity index and seed shape which was expressed as variance in seed dimensions. Analyses were run both across species, with species treated as independent data points, and for 40 ‘phylogenetically independent contrasts’. From 56 dung samples, 2.5 l each, 53,493 seedlings emerged, representing 106 different plant species, i.e. 21.4% of all species recorded in the established vegetation of the study sites. A majority of plant species (50%) was only found in less than 10% of the dung samples while 68% of the germinating species emerged with on average less than 1 seedling per dung sample. Overall dung seed density ranged on average between 280.4 and 525.2 seedlings per litre. Mean species richness of dung samples varied between 19 and 34 plant species. <i>Urtica dioica</i>, <i>Veronica</i> spp. and several graminoid species were among the most abundant and frequently out of dung emerging plant taxa. Dung seed content was positively correlated with plant species abundance in the field and in the diet. Relative dung seed density (i.e. per unit cover) was positively correlated with seed longevity index and negatively correlated with all three seed size variables. There was no significant relationship with seed shape. These relationships were not affected by phylogenetic constraints. As far as the possible role of endozoochory for conservation of plant diversity in grassland is concerned, the results emphasise the importance of large herbivores as potentially strong seed dispersal vectors.","AbstractOtherLang":"Die Abundanz und der Artenreichtum des keimfähigen Samengehalts im Dung von freilaufenden Pferden wurde quantifiziert und in Relation zu sieben Variablen gesetzt: Pflanzenartenabundanz im Gelände (Deckung) und in der Pferdenahrung, Samengröße (Länge, Breite und Masse), Samenlanglebigkeitsindex und Samenform, die als Varianz in den Samendimensionen ausgedrückt wurde. Analysen wurden sowohl für Arten als auch für 40 „phylogenetisch unabhängige Vergleichsgruppen“durchgeführt. Aus 56 Dungproben von jeweils 2,5 l keimten 53,493 Keimlinge, die 106 verschiedene Pflanzenarten repräsentierten, d. h. 21.4% der Arten, die in der gegebenen Vegetation der Untersuchungsflächen registriert wurden. Der Großteil der Pflanzenarten (50%) wurde nur in weniger als 10% der Dungproben gefunden, während 68% der keimenden Arten mit durchschnittlich weniger als einem Keimling pro Dungprobe erschienen. Die durchschnittliche Samendichte im Dung variierte zwischen 280.4–525.2 Keimlingen pro Liter. Der mittlere Artenreichtum der Dungproben variierte zwischen 19 und 34 Pflanzenarten. <i>Urtica dioica, Veronica</i> spp. und einige Grasarten waren unter den höchst abundanten und regelmäßig auf dem Dung erscheinenden Pflanzentaxa. Der Samengehalt im Dung war mit der Pflanzenartenabundanz im Gelände und in der Nahrung positiv korreliert. Die relative Samendichte im Dung (d. h. pro Einheit Deckung) war mit dem Samenlanglebigkeitsindex positiv und mit allen drei Variablen der Samengröße negativ korreliert. Es gab keinen signifikanten Zusammenhang mit der Samenform. Diese Beziehungen wurden nicht durch phylogenetische Einschränkungen beeinflusst. Was die mögliche Rolle der Endozoochorie für die Erhaltung der Pflanzendiversität in Grünländern betrifft, so betonen die Ergebnisse die Wichtigkeit von großen Herbivoren als potenziell effektiven Vektoren für die Samenverbreitung.","BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Horse dung germinable seed content in relation to plant species abundance, diet composition and seed characteristics","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"coastal dunes; endozoochory; grassland management; seed longevity; seeddispersal","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2005,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2017-02-08","DateCreate":"2005-08-10","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000227625300002","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0,"DOI":"10.1016/j.baae.2004.09.012"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":75367,"PubliDate":2005,"Pagination":"11-24","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"6","Issue":"1","BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":75365,"SerRR":"Basic and Applied Ecology. 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