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Sediment methods focused on toxicity testing, chemical analyses, and measures of in situ benthic community structure. Together these 3 methods comprise the Sediment Quality Triad. Using the Triad in a burden-of-evidence approach, it was determined that sediments nearest the Elbe are moderately polluted (pollution is defined as contamination, toxicity and benthic community alteration), and that sediments offshore and at Dogger Bank are unpolluted. 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