{"refrec":{"BRefID":7774,"RR":"<b>von Cosel, R.</b> (1990). An introduction to the razor shells (Bivalvia: Solenacea), <b><i>in</i></b>: Morton, B. (Ed.) <i>The Bivalvia: Proceedings of a Memorial Symposium in honour of Sir Charles Maurice Yonge (1899-1986) at the 9th International Malacological Congress, 1986, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.</i> pp. 283-311","BEntID":7774,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":0,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":", <b><i>in</i></b>: Morton, B. (Ed.) <i>The Bivalvia: Proceedings of a Memorial Symposium in honour of Sir Charles Maurice Yonge (1899-1986) at the 9th International Malacological Congress, 1986, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.</i> pp. 283-311","DocTypID":17,"DocType":"Book chapters","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"von Cosel, R.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"von Cosel, R.","Englishabstract":"The Solenacea (Solenidae with <i>Solen</i> and <i>Solena</i> and Pharidae with <i>Ensis</i>, <i>Phaxas</i>, <i>Cultellus</i>, <i>Pharus</i>, <i>Siliqua</i>, <i>Sinonovacula</i>, <i>Pharella</i> and <i>Orbicularia</i>) are a commercially important soft bottom infaunal marine bivalve group. It is proposed that <i>Pharus</i>, hitherto grouped in the Tellinacea, be placed in the Solenacea within the Cultellidae (which has to change its name to Pharidae as a consequence), based on conchological and anatomical characters such as the similar general arrangement of the hinge teeth, lack of a cruciform muscle, foot shape and the separate style sac and midgut. Conchological characters such as the hinge teeth arrangement and the scars of the accessory pedal musculature suggest moving <i>Orbicularia</i> from the Tellinacea (Psammobiidae) to the Solenacea. The Solenacea are highly specialized and successful in their biotopes, mostly fine sand, silt or mud, rarely pure mud. Solenidae are known since the early Eocene, the Pharidae since the upper Cretaceous; both families have achieved their greatest species diversity in the Recent fauna. About 60-65 living species of Solenidae are presently known. They are predominantly tropical and subtropical with the distribution centre in the Indo-West Pacific and only a few species in temperate zones. The number of Recent Pharidae is estimated at 5-57 species. <i>Ensis</i> is mostly warm to cold-temperate, with three tropical species, the distribution centre is NW-Europe. <i>Pharus</i> is exclusively Eastern Atlantic with several species in tropical West Africa. <i>Phaxas</i> and <i>Cultellus</i> are mainly tropical with few temperate species, and <i>Siliqua</i> ranges from cold water to the tropics. There are no <i>Ensis</i> in the Indo-Pacific, no <i>Siliqua</i> in the Eastern Atlantic, no <i>Phaxas</i> and <i>Cultellu</i> in the Western Hemisphere and no Solenacea in New Zealand. Solenacea are mostly continental, few <i>Solen</i> and <i>Phaxas</i> being recorded from oceanic islands.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AM","StandardTitle":"An introduction to the razor shells (Bivalvia: Solenacea)","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:01.897972","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":1990,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2019-06-26","DateCreate":"2001-04-20","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":0,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":7774,"PubliDate":1990,"Pagination":"283-311","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":"962-209-273-X","Volume":null,"Issue":null,"BRefMon":7730,"BRefMonRR":"<b>Morton, B. (Ed.)</b> (1990). The Bivalvia: Proceedings of a Memorial Symposium in honour of Sir Charles Maurice Yonge (1899-1986) at the 9th International Malacological Congress, 1986, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK. Hong Kong University Press: Hong Kong. ISBN 962-209-273-X. 355 pp.","BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":null,"SerRR":null,"StandardTitleSer":null,"ISSN":null,"AbbrevSer":null,"StandardTitleMon":"The Bivalvia: Proceedings of a Memorial Symposium in honour of Sir Charles Maurice Yonge (1899-1986) at the 9th International Malacological Congress, 1986, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK","StartPage":283,"Pages":29,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"M","SerNotes":null,"AutString":"Morton, B. 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