{"refrec":{"BRefID":8063,"RR":"<b>Meysman, F.</b> (2001). Modelling the influence of ecological interactions on reactive transport processes in sediments. PhD Thesis. Netherlands Institute of Ecology/NIOO: Yerseke. ISBN 90-74638-11-2. 213 pp.","BEntID":8063,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":null,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". PhD Thesis. Netherlands Institute of Ecology/NIOO: Yerseke. ISBN 90-74638-11-2. 213 pp.","DocTypID":5,"DocType":"Book/Monograph","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":1,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Meysman, F.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Meysman, F.","Englishabstract":"Within the natural sciences, it has long been recognized that biological activity can modify the texture, structure and composition of surface sediments. Darwin (1881) already examined the stirring of soils by burrowing earthworms and made detailed observations on how these organisms affect soil processes. A similar phenomenon can be observed in aquatic sediments, which are inhabited by a diverse biological community, supported by the flux of organic matter and oxygen from the overlying water column. Surface sediments of oceans, estuaries, lakes and rivers are highly active biogeochemical environments and an effective way to generate insight in the complexity of the interactions is by means of so-called general early diagenetic models (e.g. Soetaert et al, 1996; Van Cappellen and Wang, 1996; Boudreau, 1996; Wijsman et al., 2001). The term early diagenesis refers to the combination of physical, chemical and biological processes that occur in the topmost layer of aquatic sediments following deposition (Berner, 1980). As biological activity plays a central role in early diagenesis, a prime concern in these modelling efforts constitutes the incorporation of an adequate formulation for the influence of benthic organisms on the reactive transport processes (Goldberg and Koide, 1962; Schink and Guinasso, 1975; Aller, 1980; Boudreau, 1986 a, b). However, the relation between biology and geochemistry is truly reciprocal, as a detailed understanding of the sediment environment can also provide valuable insight into the living conditions of the organisms. This thesis reviews and extends the current modelling theory of early diagenesis, focusing on a consistent, mechanistic and realistic description of ecological interactions in surface sediments. The thesis takes a highly theoretical start, with a critical assessment of the fundaments underlying the present modelling theory, but ends very pragmatically, with the presentation of a flexible, efficient and adaptable computer simulation environment for early diagenetic processes. As such, this thesis reports on the three key components of the modelling process: (1) the <i>model formulation</i> in chapters [1]-[4], (2) the <i>model solution</i> in chapter [5], and (3) the <i>model implementation</i> in chapter [6].","AbstractOtherLang":"In de natuurwetenschappen is het al geruime tijd bekend dat bodemorganismen de textuur, structuur en samenstelling van bodems en sedimenten sterk kunnen veranderen. Charles Darwin (1881) deed al onderzoek naar de graafactiviteiten van regenwormen en hij maakte een gedetailleerde studie van de wijze waarop deze organismen bodemprocessen beïnvloeden. Ook in aquatische sedimenten (i.e. de waterverzadigde bodem van oceanen, estuaria, meren en rivieren) is er meestal een rijke en diverse bodemgemeenschap aanwezig, die leeft van de flux van organisch materiaal en zuurstof aangevoerd uit de bovenliggende waterkolom. Aquatische sedimenten zijn daardoor biogeochemisch zeer actief, waarbij fysische, chemische en biologische processen sterk met elkaar verweven zijn. De wetenschappelijke term \"vroege diagenese\" wordt meestal gebruikt om het geheel van biogeochemische transformaties in oppervlakte sedimenten aan te duiden. De studie van vroege diagenese wordt bemoeilijkt door de vele processen die in rekening dienen gebracht en door de vaak niet-lineaire interacties tussen deze processen. Via computersimulatie beschikt men over een krachtig instrument om de complexiteit inherent aan vroege diagenese aan te pakken. Recentelijk werden dan ook een aantal gesofisticeerde vroeg-diagenetische modellen ontwikkeld (b.v. Soetaert et al, 1996; Van Cappellen and Wang, 1996; Boudreau, 1996; Wijsman et al., 2001). Gezien benthische organismen een centrale rol spelen in vroege diagenese, vormt de modelformulering van biologische interacties een cruciaal onderzoeksdomein. Vanuit een geochemisch oogpunt, is een gedetailleerde beschrijving van bioturbatie (i.e. allerhande biologisch gemedieerd transport) noodzakelijk voor het modelleren van reactief transport in sedimenten (Goldberg and Koide, 1962; Schink and Guinasso, 1975; Aller, 1980; Boudreau, 1986 a, b). De relatie tussen biologie en geochemie is echter wederzijds, vermits een gedetailleerde beschrijving van het sediment een beter inzicht kan verschaffen in de leefomstandigheden van de organismen. Het onderzoek uitgevoerd in het kader van dit doctoraat omvat een herziening en uitbreiding van de huidige mathematische beschrijving van vroege diagenese, en focust daarbij op een consistente, mechanistische en realistische beschrijving van biologische interacties in aquatische sedimenten. Dit proefschrift gaat vrij theoretisch van start, met een kritische benadering van de fundamenten waarop de huidige theorie gebouwd is, om tenslotte zeer pragmatisch te besluiten, met de presentatie van een gebruiksvriendelijk en numeriek efficient software-pakket voor de simulatie van vroeg-diagenetische processen. Uiteindelijk zullen de drie hoofdcomponenten van het modelleringsproces in het verloop van het proefschrift aan bod komen: (1) de wiskundige <i>modeformulering</i> in hoofdstuk [1] tot [4], (2) de numerieke <i>oplossingsmethode</i> in hoofdstuk [5], en (3) de software <i>implementatie</i> van model en oplossingsmethode in hoofdstuk [6].","BibLvlCode":"M","StandardTitle":"Modelling the influence of ecological interactions on reactive transport processes in sediments","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 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