{"refrec":{"BRefID":8702,"RR":"<b>Jensen, S.D.; Panutrakul, S.; Nyholm, N.</b> (2000). Toxicity of lead and cadmium to tropical marine phytoplankton. <i>Phuket Mar. Biol. Cent. Res. Bull. 63</i>: 45-52","BEntID":8702,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":0,"vabbflag":null,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Phuket Mar. Biol. Cent. Res. Bull. 63</i>: 45-52","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Jensen, S.D.; Panutrakul, S.; Nyholm, N.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Jensen, S.D. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"The toxicity of Pb and Cd to three tropical, marine phytoplankton species isolated from the Andaman Sea off Phuket Thailand were determined. The phytoplankton species included one diatom, <i>Chaetoceros calcitrans</i>, one green alga, <i>Chlorella</i> sp., and one chrysophyte, <i>Dunaliella tertiolecta</i>. The test method was a two day mini scale (10 mL) modified International Standard (ISO) growth inhibition test with natural and artificial seawater. Citric acid was added as a metal chelator instead of the more strongly metal complexing and photo-degradable EDTA. Tests were carried out at 26-27°C and under continuous white fluorescent light of a 10 to 12 klux intensity, and a 48 h test duration. Concentrations resulting in 50% reduced growth rate (EC50) were for <i>C. calcitrans</i>, <i>Chlorella</i> sp. and <i>D. tertiolecta</i>, respectively: Cd in artificial seawater; 3.28, 0.74, and 25.6 mg L-¹ , and in natural seawater; 3.02,0.32, and 34.6 mg L-¹. EC50 values for Pb in artificial seawater were 1.4,0.12, and 5.25 mg L-¹ d and in natural seawater 0.18,0.4, and 6.77 mg L -¹. Pb was consistently more toxic to the algae than Cd, and <i>Chlorella</i> sp. was generally most sensitive followed by <i>C. calcitrans</i> while <i>D. tertiolecta</i> was the least sensitive. Toxicity levels in the natural and synthetic seawater media were similar except for Pb toxicity with <i>C. calcitrans</i>, which was more sensitive in natural seawater than in the synthetic medium. The test medium contained a minimum amount of iron and chelator and it appears to have worked although the medium may not be stable in the long-term, which could have been achieved with a large chelator surplus.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Toxicity of lead and cadmium to tropical marine phytoplankton","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2024-12-10 01:33:17.368041","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+01:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":null,"OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2000,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2001-05-14","DateCreate":"2001-05-09","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":null,"VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":0},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":8702,"PubliDate":2000,"Pagination":"45-52","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"63","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":43868,"SerRR":"Phuket Marine Biological Center. Research bulletin. Phuket Marine Biological Center: Phuket.  ISSN 0858-1088","StandardTitleSer":"Phuket Marine Biological Center. Research bulletin","ISSN":"0858-1088","AbbrevSer":"Phuket Mar. Biol. Cent. Res. 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