{"refrec":{"BRefID":98945,"RR":"<b>Elmgren, R.; Ankar, S.; Marteleur, B.; Ejdung, G.</b> (1986). Adult interference with postlarvae in soft sediments: the <i>Pontoporeia-Macoma</i> example. <i>Ecology 67(4)</i>: 827-836. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1939805\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1939805</a>","BEntID":94214,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":0,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Ecology 67(4)</i>: 827-836. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1939805\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1939805</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"Elmgren, R.; Ankar, S.; Marteleur, B.; Ejdung, G.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"Elmgren, R. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"In the Baltic Sea, the presence of dense populations of the deposit-feeding amphipods <i>Pontoporeia affinis</i> and <i>P. femorata</i> has been hypothesized to inhibit recruitment of the bivalve <i>Macoma balthica</i>. Experimental tests with <i>P. affinis</i> and newly settled <i>M. balthica</i> in small, flow-through aquaria corroborated this hypothesis. Survival of small <i>M. balthica</i> spat decreased with increasing density of <i>Pontoporeia affinis</i>. The increase in mortality was strong enough potentially to explain the field observation that <i>M. balthica</i> is generally absent or rare in areas with dense populations of <i>Pontoporeia</i> spp. It is suggested that while interference with larval recruitment by adults is likely to be an important structuring factor in marine soft bottom communities, it is unlikely to depress community biomass below carrying capacity, as suggested by Peterson (1979). Virtually all communities contain species with brood protection, the young of which are less susceptible to interference by adults. 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