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Glass sponges, the Hexactinellida, possess cellular characteristics that resemble some unicellular protistan organisms. These unique sponges were abundant in shallow seas of the early Cambrian, but they are currently restricted to polar habitats or very deep regions of the world oceans. Due in part to their relative inaccessibility, their potential significance ot the early phylogeny of the eukaryotic kingdoms has been largely overlooked. The authors used sequences of the 18s ribosomal RNA gene of <i>Farrea occa</i>, a representative of the deep-water hexactinellid sponges, and <i>Coelocarteria singaporense</i>, a representative of the more common demosponges, and compared them with selected ribosomal RNA gene sequences available within the Protista. 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