{"refrec":{"BRefID":349609,"RR":"<b>van der Knaap, I.; Slabbekoorn, H.; Moens, T.; Van den Eynde, D.; Reubens, J.</b> (2022). Effects of pile driving sound on local movement of free-ranging Atlantic cod in the Belgian North Sea. <i>Environ. Pollut. 300</i>: 118913. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118913\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118913</a>","BEntID":347304,"PublicFlag":1,"CheckedFlag":0,"wosflag":1,"vabbflag":1,"RefStringPartII":". <i>Environ. Pollut. 300</i>: 118913. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118913\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118913</a>","DocTypID":8,"DocType":"Journal article","MarineFlag":1,"FreshFlag":0,"BrackishFlag":0,"TerrestrialFlag":0,"Authorstring":"van der Knaap, I.; Slabbekoorn, H.; Moens, T.; Van den Eynde, D.; Reubens, J.","OrigTitleTranslFlag":0,"Authorstringtrunc":"van der Knaap, I. <i>et al.</i>","Englishabstract":"Offshore energy acquisition through the construction of wind farms is rapidly becoming one of the major sources of green energy all over the world. The construction of offshore wind farms contributes to the ocean soundscape as steel monopile foundations are commonly hammered into the seabed to anchor wind turbines. This pile driving activity causes repeated, impulsive, low-frequency sounds, reaching far into the environment, which may have an impact on the surrounding marine life. In this study, we investigated the effect of the construction of 50 wind turbine foundations, over a time span of four months, on the presence and movement behaviour of free-swimming, individually tagged Atlantic cod. The turbine foundations were constructed at a distance ranging between 2.3 and 7.1 km from the cod, which resided in a nearby, existing wind farm in the southern North Sea. Our results indicated that local fish remained in the exposed area during and in-between pile-driving activities, but showed some modest changes in movement patterns. The tagged cod did not increase their net movement activity, but moved closer to the scour-bed (i.e. hard substrate), surrounding their nearest turbine, during and after each piling event. Additionally, fish moved further away from the sound source, which was mainly due to the fact that they were positioned closer to a piling event before its start. We found no effect of the time since the last piling event. Long-term changes in movement behaviour can result in energy budget changes, and thereby in individual growth and maturation, eventually determining growth rate of populations. Consequently, although behavioural changes to pile driving in the current study seem modest, we believe that the potential for cumulative effects, and species-specific variation in impact, warrant more tagging studies in the future, with an emphasis on quantification of energy budgets.","AbstractOtherLang":null,"BibLvlCode":"AS","StandardTitle":"Effects of pile driving sound on local movement of free-ranging Atlantic cod in the Belgian North Sea","OrigTitleLangCode":"en","OrigTitleLangCodeExtended":"eng","OrigTitleLangID":15,"DateLastModified":{"date":"2026-04-20 01:32:49.141217","timezone_type":1,"timezone":"+02:00"},"UserAccessRight":null,"UserAccID":null,"AuthorKeywords":"Atlantic cod; Wind farm; Movement behaviour","OtherDescriptors":null,"Notes":null,"AnaPub":2022,"MonPub":null,"DateUpdate":"2023-11-21","DateCreate":"2022-02-10","SecASFANote":null,"ConfID":null,"PeerRev":1,"VlizCoreFlag":1,"WoScode":"WOS:000758463200002","VABBcode":null,"OpenAcc":1,"DOI":"10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118913"},"refs":null,"anarec":{"AnaID":349609,"PubliDate":2022,"Pagination":"118913","XtraPublOfAnaID":null,"ISBN":null,"Volume":"300","Issue":null,"BRefMon":null,"BRefMonRR":null,"BRefXtra":null,"BRefXtraRR":null,"SerBRefID":42834,"SerRR":"Environmental Pollution. Elsevier: Barking.  ISSN 0269-7491; e-ISSN 1873-6424","StandardTitleSer":"Environmental Pollution","ISSN":"0269-7491","AbbrevSer":"Environ. Pollut.","StandardTitleMon":null,"StartPage":null,"Pages":null,"ToPubliDate":null,"BRefBibLvlCode":"S","SerNotes":null},"monrec":null,"serrec":null,"relations":null,"relationsRev":[{"XBRefID":392485,"RefStrFull":"<b>Calonge, A.; Develter, R.; Muñiz, C.; Parcerisas, C.; Reubens, J.; Boone, W.; Deneudt, K.; Debusschere, E.</b> (2026). Scalable low-cost seabed landers: The missing link for sustained, integrated, long-term observations in dynamic shallow seas. <i>Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation Online first</i>: 1-9. <a href=\"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rse2.70072\" target=\"_blank\">https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rse2.70072</a>","RelID":4,"RelationY":"Related to","StandardTitle":"Scalable low-cost seabed landers: The missing link for sustained, integrated, long-term observations in dynamic shallow seas"}],"addrec":null,"othpubs":null,"ownerships":null,"authors":[{"AutName":"van der Knaap","Firstname":"Inge","Initials":"I.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":347304,"AutID":403956,"OrderNr":1,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":"0000-0002-4100-1152","PersID":35320,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Slabbekoorn","Firstname":"Hans","Initials":"H.","Affiliation":null,"Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":347304,"AutID":218124,"OrderNr":2,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":null,"InsFSN":null,"ORCID":null,"PersID":null,"InsID":null},{"AutName":"Moens","Firstname":"Tom","Initials":"T.","Affiliation":"Marine Biology Lab, Biology Department, Ghent University","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":347304,"AutID":479164,"OrderNr":3,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"MARBIOL","InsFSN":"Universiteit Gent; Faculteit Wetenschappen; Vakgroep Biologie; Onderzoeksgroep Mariene Biologie","ORCID":"0000-0001-6544-9210","PersID":229,"InsID":13},{"AutName":"Van den Eynde","Firstname":"Dries","Initials":"D.","Affiliation":"Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":347304,"AutID":244717,"OrderNr":4,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"OD Natuur","InsFSN":"Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen; Operationele Directie Natuurlijk Milieu","ORCID":"0000-0001-8723-9396","PersID":2788,"InsID":13002},{"AutName":"Reubens","Firstname":"Jan","Initials":"J.","Affiliation":"Flanders Marine Institute","Discriminator":null,"CorporateFlag":0,"BEntID":347304,"AutID":192081,"OrderNr":5,"DegrID":null,"EditorFlag":0,"CorrespFlag":0,"IllustratorFlag":0,"ReviserFlag":0,"TranslatorFlag":0,"InsAcronym":"VLIZ","InsFSN":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","ORCID":"0000-0002-9823-5670","PersID":14823,"InsID":36}],"mapdetails":null,"datasets":null,"monographs":null,"monparts":null,"serparts":null,"BEntOpen":null,"BEntPrivate":null,"availability":[{"BInstID":371907,"LibID":36,"BRefID":349609,"EmbargoDate":null,"FullEmbargoDate":null,"PhysMedID":16,"hasOCRd":1,"ShelfLocCode":"371907","RFID":null,"PaidValue":null,"Medium":"Server","Description":"VLIZ Open Access","Acronym":"VLIZ","Library":"Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee","DutchTerm":"Open access","URL":null,"ClassifID":53,"Classification":"Open access","ReqLink":null,"ClassifTypID":1,"URLLocation":"https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/","SubDir":null,"InternalReq":0,"LoggedInReq":0,"Disclaimer":null,"DutchDisclaimer":null,"FileFormat":".pdf","FileDescr":"pdf","InsPub":1,"InsID":36,"FileFormID":6,"LendableFlag":1,"PublicFlag":1,"orderLib":"A","Notes":null,"AccConID":null,"AccessConstraint":null,"LicURL":null}],"litstyles":null,"thespers":null,"arch2discl":null,"SERpubls":[{"PublName":"Elsevier","City":"Barking"}],"MONpubls":null,"pictures":[],"thestermsPath":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Acoustic telemetry","ThestID":101,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Measurement > Telemetry > Acoustic telemetry"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Pile driving","ThestID":6217,"Acronym":"ASFA","ThesTermPath":"Pile driving"}],"thestermsASFA":[{"ThesaurusTerm":"Acoustic telemetry"},{"ThesaurusTerm":"Pile driving"}],"taxtermsASFA":[{"TaxTerm":"Gadus morhua"}],"geotermsASFA":null,"collections":[{"Collection":"OMA - 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