Vitalizing effects of being outdoors and in nature
Ryan, R.M.; Weinstein, N.; Bernstein, J.; Brown, K.W.; Mistretta, L.; Gagné, M. (2010). Vitalizing effects of being outdoors and in nature. Journal of Environmental Psychology 30(2): 159-168. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2009.10.009
In: Journal of Environmental Psychology. Elsevier: Amsterdam. ISSN 0272-4944, more
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| Authors | | Top |
- Ryan, R.M.
- Weinstein, N.
- Bernstein, J.
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- Brown, K.W.
- Mistretta, L.
- Gagné, M.
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| Abstract |
Five studies utilizing survey, experimental, and diary methods assessed the effects of being outdoors on subjective vitality. In Study 1, we used a vignette method to examine whether being outdoors wasassociated with vitality, above and beyond the influences of physical activity and social interactions. Study 2 explored the effects of being outdoors on vitality through an experimental design contrastingindoor and outdoor walks. In Study 3, participants were exposed to photographic scenes of either nature or buildings. Results showed that only the nature scenes enhanced subjective vitality. Studies 4 and 5used a diary methodology to examine within-person variations in subjective energy as a function of being outdoors, again controlling for physical and social activity. Being outdoors was associated withgreater vitality, a relation that was mediated by the presence of natural elements. Limitations of these studies are discussed, as well as their implications for research on energy and vitalization. |
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