LES study of the energy imbalance problem with eddy covariance fluxes
In: Boundary-layer meteorology. Reidel: Dordrecht. ISSN 0006-8314; e-ISSN 1573-1472, more
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| Authors | | Top |
- Kanda, M.
- Inagaki, A.
- Letzel, M.O.
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| Abstract |
The spatial representativeness of heat fluxes on the basis of single-tower measurements, and the mechanism of the so-called energy imbalance problem, are investigated through numerical experiments using large-eddy simulation (LES). LES experiments are done for the daytime atmospheric boundary layer heated over a flat surface, as a best-case scenario completely free of sensor errors and the uncertainties of field conditions. Imbalance is defined as the deviation of the `turbulent' heat flux at a grid point from the horizontally averaged `total' heat flux. Both the theoretical and numerical results of the present study suggest the limitation of single-tower measurements and the necessity of horizontally-distributed observation networks. |
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