The soothing sea: A virtual coastal walk can reduce experienced and recollected pain
Tanja-Dijkstra, K.; Pahl, S.; White, M.P.; Auvray, M.; Stone, R.J.; Andrade, J.; May, J.; Mills, I.; Moles, D.R. (2018). The soothing sea: A virtual coastal walk can reduce experienced and recollected pain. Environ. Behav. 50(6): 599-625. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916517710077
In: Environment and Behavior. Sage: Thousand Oaks. ISSN 0013-9165; e-ISSN 1552-390X, more
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| Author keywords |
pain; virtual reality; nature benefits; coastal environment; patient experience |
| Authors | | Top |
- Tanja-Dijkstra, K.
- Pahl, S.
- White, M.P.
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- Auvray, M.
- Stone, R.J.
- Andrade, J.
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- May, J.
- Mills, I.
- Moles, D.R.
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| Abstract |
Virtual reality (VR) distraction has become increasingly available in health care contexts and is used in acute pain management. However, there has been no systematic exploration of the importance of the content of VR environments. Two studies tested how interacting with nature VR influenced experienced and recollected pain after 1 week. Study 1 (n = 85) used a laboratory pain task (cold pressor), whereas Study 2 (n = 70) was a randomized controlled trial with patients undergoing dental treatment. In Study 1, nature (coastal) VR reduced both experienced and recollected pain compared with no VR. In Study 2, nature (coastal) VR reduced experienced and recalled pain in dental patients, compared with urban VR and standard care. Together, these data show that nature can improve experience of health care procedures through the use of VR, and that the content of the VR matters: Coastal nature is better than urban. |
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