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Allopodocotyle palmi sp. nov. and Prosorhynchus maternus Bray & Justine, 2006 (Digenea: Opecoelidae & Bucephalidae) from the orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton, 1822) off Bali, Indonesia, described using modern techniques
Theisen, S.; Neitemeier-Duventester, X.; Kleinertz, S.; Suthar, J.; Bray, R.A.; Unger, P. (2022). Allopodocotyle palmi sp. nov. and Prosorhynchus maternus Bray & Justine, 2006 (Digenea: Opecoelidae & Bucephalidae) from the orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton, 1822) off Bali, Indonesia, described using modern techniques. Acta Parasitol. 67(3): 1307-1328. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11686-022-00581-x
In: Acta Parasitologica. Witold Stefanski Institute of Parasitology/de Gruyter: Warszawa, Berlin. ISSN 1230-2821; e-ISSN 1896-1851, more
Peer reviewed article  
Available in  Authors 
Keywords
    Allopodocotyle palmi Theisen, Neitemeier‑Duventester, Kleinertz, Suthar, Bray & Unger, 2022 [WoRMS]; Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton, 1822) [WoRMS]; Prosorhynchus maternus Bray & Justine, 2006 [WoRMS]
    Marine/Coastal
Authors  Top 
  • Theisen, S.
  • Neitemeier-Duventester, X.
  • Kleinertz, S.
  • Suthar, J.
  • Bray, R.A., more
  • Unger, P.
Abstract

    Background

    The most convincing species of Allopodocotyle Pritchard, 1966 (Digenea: Opecoelidae) are known overwhelmingly from groupers (Serranidae: Epinephelinae). Six species of Allopodocotyle have been reported, collectively, from species of Cromileptes Swainson, 1839, Epinephelus Bloch, 1793 and Plectropomus Oken, 1817. These are A. epinepheli (Yamaguti, 1942), A. heronensis Downie & Cribb, 2011, A. manteri (Saoud & Ramadan, 1984), A. mecopera (Manter, 1940), A. plectropomi (Manter, 1963) and A. serrani (Yamaguti, 1952). In addition, a not yet fully described and unnamed seventh species, morphologically and phylogenetically close to A. epinepheli, was isolated from the orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton, 1822) off Bali, Indonesia in 2016. An eighth species, again from E. coioides off Bali is described herein.

    Methods

    Morphological and phylogenetic analyses justify the recognition of A. palmi sp. nov., which is also genetically different from the as yet unnamed congener from the same host and locality. For the first time, 3D confocal laser scanning microscopy was applied to study and distinguish Digenea taxonomically. We introduce the ‘Palm pattern’, a new simplified way to visualise morphometric differences of related digenean taxa.

    Results

    Allopodocotyle palmi sp. nov. is distinguished from its congeners that infect groupers by its elongate body with a size > 2.7 mm and diagonal testes. The ovary is located mainly, and the anterior testis completely, in the posterior half of the body; the uterine coils are in the fourth eighth of the body. The cirrus-sac is 0.75–1.4 (1.1) mm long, its posterior extremity is well separated from the anterior extent of the vitelline fields, just reaching the anterior border of uterine coils. In addition, Prosorhynchus maternus Bray & Justine, 2006 (Bucephalidae) was isolated from E. coioides, representing the first record in Indonesia and the third record for this fish species.

    Conclusion

    The biodiversity research in Indonesia is enhanced with a new species description based on modern and newly applied techniques.

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