IMIS

This study reports the results of two surveys of marine mollusks (bivalves and gastropods) conducted in December 2010 and May 2011 in representative nearshore habitats along the Arabian Gulf and Sea of Oman coasts of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The main goal of the study was to identify key mollusk species that could act as vectors of algal toxins in light of the recent occurrence of harmful algal blooms (HABs) in the region, or that could be used as an indicator of the impacts of such blooms on the natural biota. The study also led to preliminary identification of mollusk species of potential value for fisheries and/or aquaculture development. Habitats sampled included coral reefs, seagrass beds, mangrove and intertidal sandy beaches, mudflats and hard substrate (rocky shores or man-made structures). Of the 17 bivalve species documented, the following were deemed to be potential vectors of algal toxins: 2 venerid clams that are consumed locally, the widespread encrusting rock osyter, Saccostrea cuccullata, also consumed locally, 2 pearl oysters, Pinctada spp and the scallop Clamys livida. Out of 19 gastropods identified, 6 predatory or scavenging species were also identified as potential toxin vectors. Pearl oysters are recommended as likely candidates for future sustainable development in the UAE, based on their multiple uses, extensive natural recruitment and historical and cultural value in the UAE. Current benthic surveys are particularly important given the recognized threat of rapid coastal development to the faunal biodiversity in ecosystems with unique environmental conditions (e.g. high salinities and extreme temperature variation).