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Evaluation of infrared surface signals received by weather satellites
Buettner, K.J.K.; Kern, C.D. (1965). Evaluation of infrared surface signals received by weather satellites, in: Ewing, G.C. (Ed.) Oceanography from Space: Proceedings of Conference on the Feasibility of Conducting Oceanographic Explorations from Aircraft, Manned Orbital and Lunar Laboratories, held at Woods Hole, Massachusetts, 24-28 August 1964. pp. 181
In: Ewing, G.C. (Ed.) (1965). Oceanography from Space: Proceedings of Conference on the Feasibility of Conducting Oceanographic Explorations from Aircraft, Manned Orbital and Lunar Laboratories, held at Woods Hole, Massachusetts, 24-28 August 1964. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution: Woods Hole. XXI, 469 pp., more
Keyword
    Marine/Coastal
Authors  Top 
  • Buettner, K.J.K.
  • Kern, C.D.
Abstract
    Surface signals penetrate the atmosphere in a series of windows from 4µ to the microwaves. For emitters of the order of 300°K the 4µ signa1 depends so much on temperature that the emissivity variance may be neglected. In the microwaves the opposite is true. For the 8 -12µ window. true temperature changes inf1uence the received signal about as much as emissivity variations. The latter have been investigated already by R. Lyon. We measured many naturas surfaces with a new device. We also demonstrated from Tiros III data that the Sahara emissivity is substantially below unity. Water, snow and ice are nearly black emitters; however, water and ice deviate from blackness at oblique angles. Therefore wave formation lowers emissivity. A very thin layer of oil also lowers the emisssivity by about 2% or the apparent temperature by about 2°K.
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