Natural resource damage assessment (NRDA) under the European Directive on Environmental Liability: a comparative legal point of view
Descamps, H. (2008). Natural resource damage assessment (NRDA) under the European Directive on Environmental Liability: a comparative legal point of view, in: Hay, J. (Ed.) Ecological damage caused by oil spills: economic assessments and compensations. International scientific seminar organized by the Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (université de Bretagne Occidentale) 18th-19th May 2006, Institut océanographique, Paris. Océanis (Paris), 32(3-4): pp. 439-461 In: Hay, J. (Ed.) (2008). Ecological damage caused by oil spills: economic assessments and compensations. International scientific seminar organized by the Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (université de Bretagne Occidentale) 18th-19th May 2006, Institut océanographique, Paris. Océanis (Paris), 32(3-4). Institut Océanographique: Monaco. ISBN 978-2-903581-50-3. 267-461 pp., more In: Océanis (Paris). Institut Océanographique: Paris. ISSN 0182-0745, more |  |
| Author keywords | environmental liability; European Directive; natural resources;restoration; relationship with Marine Pollution Liability Conventions |
| Abstract | This contribution focuses on natural resource damage assessment (NRDA) under the European Directive on Environmental Liability against the background of the Marine Pollution Liability Conventions (CLC, IOPC, HNS & Bunker Oil). The purpose of the EC Directive is to prevent and remedy environmental damage by establishing a framework of environmental liability based on the polluter pays principle. The Environmental Liability Directive (ELD) explicitly recognizes natural resources and the services they provide. The European Scheme is to some extent inspired by the American Oil Pollution Act (OPA). Under the Directive, operators of occupational activities are, inter alia, required to restore, rehabilitate or replace damaged natural resources and impaired services or to provide an equivalent alternative. In situations where primary remedial measures do not bring back the damaged natural resources or their services to baseline condition, complementary remediation will be undertaken. Compensatory remediation is required to compensate for the interim losses until the primary and complementary measures have taken full effect. However, the Directive shall not apply to environmental damage or to any imminent threat of such damage arising from an incident in respect of which liability or compensation falls within the scope of any of the aforementioned International Agreements, provided that these Conventions are in force in the Member State concerned. |
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