Changing seasonality of the sea: past, present, and future
Asch, R.G. (2019). Changing seasonality of the sea: past, present, and future, in: Cisneros-Montemayor, A.M. et al. Predicting future oceans: Sustainability of ocean and human systems amidst global environmental change. pp. 39-51. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-817945-1.00004-6 In: Cisneros-Montemayor, A.M.; Cheung, W.W.L.; Ota, Y. (Ed.) (2019). Predicting future oceans: Sustainability of ocean and human systems amidst global environmental change. Elsevier: Amsterdam. ISBN 978-0-12-817945-1. xxvii, 554 pp. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/c2018-0-02416-0, more |
| Abstract | Phenology (the science of how climate and weather affect seasonal, ecological cycles) has been understudied in marine ecosystems despite its vital role in mediating interspecific interactions and promoting ecosystem services. Seasonal mismatches between larval fishes and their prey can result in low larval survival and poor fisheries recruitment. Climate change may increase the frequency of mismatches if seasonal plankton blooms and fish reproduction are cued by different climatic drivers. Multidecadal time series with a high temporal resolution are needed to document how climate change impacts marine phenology, but such time series are rare due to the challenges of gathering these data at sea. In locations where such time series exist, rapid changes in fish and zooplankton phenology have been observed, whereas phytoplankton and seabirds have experienced smaller or more variable phenological changes. This suggests that each trophic level is responding differently to changes, which could restructure many ecological interactions. |
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