Hotspots of Cenozoic tropical marine biodiversity
Yasuhara, Moriaki; Huang, Huai-Hsuan May; Reuter, Markus; Tian, Skye Yunshu; Cybulski, Jonathan D.; O’Dea, Aaron; Mamo, Briony L.; Cotton, Laura J.; Martino, Emanuela Di; Feng, Ran; Tabor, Clay R.; Reygondeau, Gabriel; Zhao, Qianshuo; Warne, Mark T.; Aye, Kyawt K. T.; Zhang, Jingwen; Chao, Anne; Wei, Chih-Lin; Condamine, Fabien L.; Kocsis, Adam T.; Kiessling, Wolfgang; Costello, Mark J.; Tittensor., Derek P.; Chaudhary, Chhaya; Rillo, Marina C.; Doi, Hideyuki; Dong, Yun-wei; Cronin, Thomas M.; Saupe, Erin E.; Lotze, Heike K.; Johnson, Kenneth G.; Renema, Willem; Pandolfi, John M.; Harzhauser, Mathias; Jackson, Jeremy B. C.; Hong, Yuanyuan (2022). Hotspots of Cenozoic tropical marine biodiversity, in: Hawkins, S.J. et al. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 60. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review, 60: pp. 243-300. https://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003288602-5 In: Hawkins, S.J. et al. (2022). Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 60. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review, 60. CRC Press: Boca Raton. e-ISBN 9781003288602. 698 pp. https://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003288602, more In: Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review. Aberdeen University Press/Allen & Unwin: London. ISSN 0078-3218; e-ISSN 2154-9125, more |   |
| Keywords | Geological time > Phanerozoic > Geological time > Cenozoic > Paleogene
Geological time > Phanerozoic > Geological time > Cenozoic > Tertiary > Cenozoic > Neogene
Paleobiology
Tropics
Marine/Coastal | | Author keywords | Global patterns, species diversity gradients, fossil records |
| Abstract | Hotspots of tropical marine biodiversity are areas that harbour disproportionately large numbers of species compared to surrounding regions. The richness and location of these hotspots have changed throughout the Cenozoic. Here, we review the global dynamics of Cenozoic tropical marine biodiversity hotspots, including the four major hotspots of the Indo-Australian Archipelago (IAA), western Tethys (present Mediterranean), Arabian Sea and Caribbean Sea. Our review supports the ‘Hopping Hotspots’ model, which proposes that the locations of peak biodiversity are related to Tethyan faunal elements and track broadscale shallow-marine habitats and high coastal complexity created by the collision of tectonic plates. A null hypothesis is the ‘Whack-A-Mole’ model, which proposes that hotspots occur in habitats suitable for high diversity regardless of taxonomic identity or faunal elements. Earlier ‘Centre of’ theories (e.g. centres of origin with diversity decreasing with distance from supposed areas of exceptionally high rates of speciation, for which easy connection to adjacent regions to the east and west is important) were based on the analysis of recent biotas with no palaeontological foundation, and may better explain diversity dynamics within a hotspot rather than those between hotspots. More recently, however, human disturbance is massively disrupting these natural patterns. |
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