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A new heterotrophic dinoflagellate from the North-eastern Pacific, Protoperidinium fukuyoi: cyst-theca relationship, phylogeny, distribution and ecology
Mertens, K.N.; Yamaguchi, A.; Takano, Y.; Pospelova, V.; Head, M.J.; Radi, T.; Pienkowski, A.J.; de Vernal, A.; Kawami, H.; Matsuoka, K. (2013). A new heterotrophic dinoflagellate from the North-eastern Pacific, Protoperidinium fukuyoi: cyst-theca relationship, phylogeny, distribution and ecology. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 60(6): 545-563. dx.doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12058
In: Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. Society of Protozoologists: Lawrence, Kan . ISSN 1066-5234; e-ISSN 1550-7408, more
Peer reviewed article  
Available in  Authors 
Author keywords
    LSU rDNA; round spiny brown cyst; Saanich Inlet; San Pedro Harbor;single-cell PCR; SSU rDNA; Strait of Georgia
Authors  Top 
  • Mertens, K.N., more
  • Yamaguchi, A.
  • Takano, Y.
  • Pospelova, V.
  • Head, M.J.
  • Radi, T.
  • Pienkowski, A.J.
  • de Vernal, A.
  • Kawami, H.
  • Matsuoka, K.
Abstract
    The cyst–theca relationship of Protoperidinium fukuyoi n. sp. (Dinoflagellata, Protoperidiniaceae) is established by incubating resting cysts from estuarine sediments off southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, and San Pedro Harbor, California, USA. The cysts have a brown-coloured wall, and are characterized by a saphopylic archeopyle comprising three apical plates, the apical pore plate and canal plate; and acuminate processes typically arranged in linear clusters. We elucidate the phylogenetic relationship of P. fukuyoi through large and small subunit (LSU and SSU) rDNA sequences, and also report the SSU of the cyst-defined species Islandinium minutum (Harland & Reid) Head et al. 2001. Molecular phylogenetic analysis by SSU rDNA shows that both species are closely related to Protoperidinium americanum (Gran & Braarud 1935) Balech 1974. Large subunit rDNA phylogeny also supports a close relationship between P. fukuyoi and P. americanum. Three subgroups in total are further characterized within the Monovela group. The cyst of P. fukuyoi shows a wide geographical range along the coastal tropical to temperate areas of the North-east Pacific, its distribution reflecting optimal summer sea-surface temperatures of ~14–18 °C and salinities of 22–34 psu.
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