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Seasonality and spacing determine the effect of juvenile floodplain willows (Salix alba and Salix viminalis) on water current velocities
Markus-Michalczyk, H.; de Smit, J.; Zhu, Z.; Mchedlishvili, A.; van Bree, J.; Bouma, T.J. (2020). Seasonality and spacing determine the effect of juvenile floodplain willows (Salix alba and Salix viminalis) on water current velocities. Est., Coast. and Shelf Sci. 238(5): 106697. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2020.106697
In: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. Academic Press: London; New York. ISSN 0272-7714; e-ISSN 1096-0015, more
Peer reviewed article  
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  • Mchedlishvili, A.
  • van Bree, J.
  • Bouma, T.J., more
Abstract
    Highlights•Effects of living juvenile willows on flow velocities (0.2, 0.3, 0.4 m/s) were tested in the flume.•Salix alba and Salix viminalis were applied in dense (one willow/181.25 cm2) and sparse (one willow/362.5 cm2) design during summer and winter.•Velocity was particularly reduced in dormancy due to canopy permeability but maintained shoot flexibility. Velocity was most reduced directly behind the vegetation.•Salix alba reduced flow primarily within the vegetation; S. viminalis attenuated leeside. Complementary effects enlarge attenuation and contribute to “nature based” flood defence.
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