Organic derivatives of algal polysaccharides
Matsuhiro, B. (2001). Organic derivatives of algal polysaccharides. Cah. Biol. Mar. 42(1-2): 159-167 In: Cahiers de Biologie Marine. Station Biologique de Roscoff: Paris. ISSN 0007-9723; e-ISSN 2262-3094, more Also appears in:(2001). Proceedings of the International Workshop "Current approaches in basic and applied phycology". Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 42(1-2). [S.n.]: [s.l.]. 1-185 pp., more |   |
| Abstract | A survey of organic derivatives of commercially important red seaweed polysaccharides is presented. The most important applications of soluble polysaccharides extracted from seaweeds utilize their ability to modify the properties of aqueous solutions. The presence of natural substituents and synthetic derivatives have broadened the area of applicability of phycocolloids. The ability of polysaccharides, such as agarose to form hydrophilic supports of well defined dimensions has been exploited for the purification of biological molecules. By appropiate modification of the polysaccharide matrices, derivatives useful in the field of medicine, biology and, biotechnology have been developed. Selective chemical modifications may facilitate the preparation of derivatives and conjugates with novel applications. Treatment of polysaccharides with bromine and periodate may introduce ketone or aldehyde functions, respectively. Neutral polysaccharides, such as agarose and xylan, were oxidized with aqueous bromine and then coupled with amines to give conjugates with potential biological applications. On the other hand, formation of Schiff bases afforded derivatives with metal chelating properties. One of the recent seaweed polysaccharide manipulation involves conjugates with protein carriers, which can be artificial immunogen. Alginic acid, from Lessonia trabeculata and its homoguluronic enriched fraction by reaction with caprolactam gave amido derivatives which formed covalent bonding with tetanic toxoid protein. Introduction of keto group in alginic acid, followed by selective acetylation gave analogs of Salmonella typhi capsular polysaccharide. These analogs can be linked to carrier proteins by reductive amination. |
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